A security token offering (STO) describes a public sale of assets, rights or obligations that are represented by digital tokens. The technical basis for this is provided by distributed ledger technology, in particular blockchain technology, through which tokens are issued and subsequent transactions are validated. A wide variety of assets, such as securities, real estate, loans or company shares, … [Read more...]
What is Hybrid Encryption
Hybrid encryption, also known as hybrid encryption, is a combination of asymmetric encryption and symmetric encryption. The sender chooses a random symmetric key called a session key. With this session key, the data to be protected is symmetrically encrypted. The session key is then encrypted asymmetrically with the recipient's public key. This approach solves the key distribution problem while … [Read more...]
Tokenomics: Understanding the Economics of Tokens in the Digital Age
Tokenomics, the phrase derived from "token" and "economics," represents the economic principles governing the creation, distribution, and utilization of digital tokens within decentralized ecosystems. As blockchain technology continues to redefine traditional finance, commerce, and governance, understanding tokenomics has become paramount for entrepreneurs, investors, and technologists … [Read more...]
Why We Need to Change WordPress Security Keys and Salts
WordPress is a popular and versatile platform for building blogs, e-commerce sites, and more. However, with its widespread use comes the risk of security vulnerabilities and potential attacks. One crucial aspect of WordPress security is the use of security keys and salts. In this article, we'll explore why it's essential to change WordPress salts regularly to safeguard your website against … [Read more...]
Classification of Encryption Methods
In previous article, we have explained the common basic phrases associated with encryption. In principle, a distinction is made between different classical and modern symmetric encryption methods and the asymmetric encryption methods, which have only been known since the 1970s. Classical encryption methods can be classified according to the alphabet used. Symmetric encryption Symmetric … [Read more...]
Basics of Encryption – Encrypt, Keys, Decrypt and Deciphering
Encryption is the conversion of information, called plaintext, into a ciphertext (also called cipher or keytext). A secret key is used, which may only be known to authorized persons. With knowledge of the key, the ciphertext can be converted back into the plaintext, which is called decryption. Encryption is used to maintain the secrecy of information, for example in order to be able to transmit … [Read more...]
Building a House That Stays Cool Without Air Conditioning
In a world where climate change is intensifying and energy consumption is a growing concern, designing and building houses that stay cool without relying on air conditioning is becoming increasingly important. Fortunately, with careful planning, and strategic design choices, it's possible to create homes that remain comfortable and cool even in the hottest climates. In this detailed article, we'll … [Read more...]
YubiKey Security Token Basics
The YubiKey is a hardware security token from the company Yubico that is used with interfaces such as Lightning, Near Field Communication (NFC) or USB and a variety of protocols to identify and authenticate users on computer systems. Among other things, it allows secure passwordless authentication and is also supported, for example, by the KeePass iOS app variant KeePassium. Yubico uses … [Read more...]
Role of nounce in Cryptography
A nonce is a word, a string of letters or numbers that is intended for use only once. In the past, nonce stood for a word that would soon be replaced by something better. In cryptography, a nonce is a random or pseudo-random number generated for a specific purpose and used only once within a cryptographic protocol or system. Nonces serve multiple purposes, including ensuring uniqueness, preventing … [Read more...]
What is U2F (Universal Second Factor) of Security Tokens
U2F (Universal Second Factor) is an industry standard for general-purpose two-factor authentication, based on adapted challenge-response authentication. In addition to an access password, it is used to prove access authorization, for example for web-based services, and can also be used in combination with digital personal documents to establish identity. The U2F specifications were developed by … [Read more...]
How Iris Recognition Works
Iris recognition is a method of biometrics for the purpose of authenticating or identifying individuals. For this purpose, images of the iris of the eye are taken with special cameras, the characteristic features of the respective iris are identified using algorithmic methods, converted into a set of numerical values (feature vector, or "template") and stored for recognition by a classification … [Read more...]