The management process is a part of the work process that must be repeatedly controlled by a manager within a business entity in a person- and factual manner. Economic entities with management processes include companies, the state authorities, military, governments, schools/universities and other associations of persons. Here, leadership processes take place in compliance with the management goals (corporate goals, state goals, war goals). The management or leadership process includes the planning, implementation, management and control of work processes in economic entities.
The management process in the narrower sense is the targeted adherence to its individual sequence stages, starting from an actual state to reaching a desired target state between the supervisors and their employees. Broadly speaking, the management process consists of the formation of the will through the preparation of the decision and the actual decision, as well as the enforcement of the will by initiating the implementation (delegation to subordinate levels) and controlling the implementation.
A core task of management is to define the strategic direction of an organization. The associated factual management processes are usually supporting processes so that business processes can be carried out economically and successfully.
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As a process, the management process includes defined process steps that are worked through one after the other and repeated at the end of the process. Leadership processes begin organizationally with the formulation of goals and strategies, continue with the organization (process and organizational structure), the definition of hierarchies, job descriptions and job plans, the remuneration structure or the formulation of work instructions/service instructions.
Operationally, the management process begins with the hiring of employees and continues with their qualification, control, performance appraisal, promotion, disciplinary measures and ends with the employment reference.
A distinction must be made between management processes in companies:
- Personal leadership processes, i.e. leading at least two people or leading teams by team leaders, for example when a manager leads his or her employees to success by taking into account their leadership goals or the leadership situation and using management tools (leadership psychology, process of personnel management etc).
- Fact-related management processes, for example, when a manager carries out the planning according to the given goals, then implements the plans in order to later review and analyze the achievement of the goals as part of the control (management process, corporate management process).
Almost all modern concepts of management require process orientation, which means a shift in the structure of an organization from traditional departments and business units to the increased development of project teams.
