A magnetometer is a sensory device for measuring magnetic flux densities. Magnetic flux densities are measured in the unit Tesla (T), and common measurement ranges of magnetometers range from about 10−15 T to 10 T. Because of the large range of values, different measurement methods are used under the term "magnetometer". Magnetometer sensor modules are sophisticated instruments/modules designed … [Read more...]
How LiDAR Works? Basics of LiDAR Explained
LiDAR, abbreviation for Light detection and ranging is a method related to radar for optical distance and velocity measurement as well as for the remote measurement of atmospheric parameters. It is a form of three-dimensional laser scanning. Instead of radio waves as with radar, laser beams are used. Lidar is used to create high-resolution maps with applications in surveying, geodesy, geomatics, … [Read more...]
An Introduction to FreeRTOS
FreeRTOS is a real-time operating system (RTOS) for embedded systems. It is based on a microkernel architecture (explained below) and has been ported to various microcontrollers. FreeRTOS is an open-source RTOS designed for embedded systems and IoT devices. Richard Barry initiated its development in 2003, and since then, it has garnered significant traction in various industries due to its … [Read more...]
Reader/Writer Lock in Microcontrollers: Explained With Code Examples
In computer science, a lock or locking is the act of blocking access to equipment. Such a lock allows a process to have exclusive access to a resource, i.e. with the guarantee that no other process will read or modify that resource as long as the lock is in place. Locking is often used in process synchronization as well as in file and database systems to ensure atomic and consistent read and write … [Read more...]
Programming the ESP32: ESP-IDF vs Arduino IDE
The ESP32 microcontroller has emerged as a versatile platform for IoT (Internet of Things) development, offering robust connectivity, powerful processing capabilities, and a vibrant ecosystem of development tools. When it comes to programming the ESP32, developers have two primary options: Espressif IoT Development Framework (ESP-IDF) and Arduino IDE. Introduction to ESP-IDF and Arduino … [Read more...]
Serial Monitor Tools for Arduino, ESP Line (For Hobbyists)
In the world of microcontroller programming, the Serial Monitor stands as a silent yet indispensable companion, facilitating communication between your dev board and your computer. While its name might not evoke excitement at first glance, understanding its functionality unlocks a realm of possibilities in debugging, data logging, and real-time interaction with your projects. In this article, we … [Read more...]
What is Semaphor? Explained With Example
In the vast digital landscape where software systems communicate and execute concurrently, the need for synchronization arises to ensure smooth and reliable operation. Among the myriad of tools available for this purpose, one stalwart stands out: the semaphore. Semaphores, though conceptually simple, play a crucial role in coordinating access to shared resources in multi-threaded environments. A … [Read more...]
How to Program ESP32 Devices Using the ESP-IDF Framework (CLI)
The ESP32 microcontroller, developed by Espressif Systems, has gained widespread popularity for its versatility, low cost, and robust performance. To harness the full potential of ESP32 devices and develop feature-rich applications, developers often rely on the Espressif IoT Development Framework (ESP-IDF). In this article, we'll explore the process of programming ESP32 devices using the ESP-IDF … [Read more...]
Understanding C/C++ Usage of Arduino and ESP Line
Arduino and ESP (Espressif Systems' Platforms) are popular platforms used by electronics enthusiasts, hobbyists, and professionals alike for building innovative projects and IoT (Internet of Things) solutions. At the heart of programming for these platforms lies the utilization of C and C++, two powerful and versatile programming languages. Both Arduino IDE and ESP-IDF primarily use C/C++. … [Read more...]
Basics of Watchdog Timer
The term watchdog refers to a function for detecting failures of a digital system, primarily in control applications. If a possible malfunction is detected, this is either signaled to other components in accordance with the system agreement (e.g. switching to a redundant system), a suitable jump instruction or a reset is initiated to automatically remedy the failure, or a safe shutdown is … [Read more...]
Wire Wrapping vs Soldering in Electronics Prototyping
In the realm of electronics prototyping and circuit construction, two primary methods stand out: wire wrapping and soldering. Both techniques offer distinct advantages and are favored by engineers and hobbyists alike. Understanding the differences between wire wrapping and soldering is crucial for selecting the most suitable method for a given project. In this article, we delve into the … [Read more...]