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You are here: Home » Ubuntu Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX Socket Configuration

By Abhishek Ghosh March 17, 2015 7:08 pm Updated on March 17, 2015

Ubuntu Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX Socket Configuration

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Some Extra Steps Needed to Perform in Ubuntu for the Right Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX Socket Configuration. Else You’ll Face Random 502, 504 Error. There are important parts of many Free Software has been patched, PHP5-FPM is one of them. We described how to fix the PHP5-FPM restart issue, in a separate GitHub project, but honestly; Ubuntu Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX socket configuration is more difficult to fix by a new user. It will unfortunately give Nginx related error, WP-Cron related errors etc. We have a small list of HTTP Error Codes.

 

Errors Related To Wrong Ubuntu Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX Socket Configuration

 

Normally, UNIX Socket is preferred over TCP/IP for faster end result. Errors can be like :

connect() to unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock failed
upstream timed out (110: Connection timed out)
connect() to unix:/tmp/php5-fpm.sock failed ( : No such file or directory)

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It is basically not even possible to list the number of different type of errors. You have the everything right, these errors are relatively newer and related to modified materials for increasing security after fix of those shell shock, Heartbleed etc. deb Linux unfortunately throws more errors.

 

Ubuntu Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX Socket Configuration : Does Socket Exits?

 

There are reasons to upgrade PHP 5.5.9 to 5.6. Although, our method will solve your issue with 95% warranty. Run php -v and you will get this kind of output :

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PHP 5.5.9-1ubuntu4.6 (cli) (built: Feb 13 2015 19:17:11)
Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.5.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies
    with XCache v3.1.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2013, by mOo
    with Zend OPcache v7.0.3, Copyright (c) 1999-2014, by Zend Technologies
    with XCache Optimizer v3.1.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2013, by mOo
    with XCache Cacher v3.1.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2013, by mOo
    with XCache Coverager v3.1.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2013, by mOo

This is PHP 5.5.9 from Ubuntu’s “natural” repo. Normally, we edit this PHP-FPM pool config file :

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nano /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

and add / make this active socket active :

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listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock

instead of TCP/IP port :

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listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

In the Nginx configuration file, we pass in this way :

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fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;

Errors starts to throw on the fronted and in log file. This happens due to two reasons in combination – improper permission, wrong user-group of nginx and non-existing UNIX socket file. WordPress like software will give you another gift – wp-cron related error. OwnCloud will give APC related error. 95% will be covered if we fix 5 stuffs.

UNIX socket, unfortunately needs to be created. Editing the /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf file to make php5-fpm.sock active, in practical never works. Various complex errors become apparent with PHP-MySQL fronted Apps and their Plugins/Modules.

Ubuntu Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX Socket Configuration

 

Checking the UNIX Socket Configuration

 

Your /etc/php5/fpm/php-fpm.conf should look like this :

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[global]
pid = /var/run/php5-fpm.pid
error_log = /var/log/php5-fpm.log
emergency_restart_threshold = 5
emergency_restart_interval = 2
events.mechanism = epoll
include=/etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/*.conf

Secondly, you should have a file named php5-fpm.conf at /etc/nginx/conf.d containing this :

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upstream php5-fpm-sock {
    server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}

Usually it never exists. In that case, do these :

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cd /etc/nginx/conf.d
nano php5-fpm.conf
# copy-paste/write this stuff
upstream php5-fpm-sock {
    server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}

Save it and chown the directory :

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sudo chown root:www-data /etc/nginx/conf.d/ -R

But, nginx is not of www-data user group. We should add :

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sudo useradd -g www-data nginx
usermod -a -G www-data nginx

These solves many things, but wait.

 

Editing /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

 

It is a challenge to edit /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf due to hundreds of commented out lines. This is what we are giving you is a fail safe set for chronic patient server :

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[www]
user = www-data
group = www-data
listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode = 0660
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
pm.max_requests = 500
request_terminate_timeout = 30
chdir = /
security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5
php_flag[display_errors] = off
php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 128M

These settings will never make your 4GB instance blazing fast, but it will be stable.

 

Restart and Reboot the Services

 

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# if mysql is on the same server
service mysql stop
service php5-fpm stop
service nginx stop
reboot

After the reboot, reload the configurations and start them :

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# if mysql is on the same server
service mysql start
service php5-fpm start
service nginx start

 

Check /var/log/nginx for Errors

 

cd to :

cd /var/log/nginx
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cd /var/log/nginx && ls -al
cat error.log

Copy & Paste the error to your computer and then empty the error.log file :

cd /var/log/nginx
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echo " " > error.log
cat error.log
 
# nothing

Now, you’ll wait like a real cat and run cat error.log every 5-6 mins for few times. With a normal website with visitors, if error has to arrive, it should show up. For WordPress, errors are due to wp-cron and for OwnCloud it is related to APC.

Nginx public directory is usually here :

/usr/share/nginx/html/

wp-cron.php and wp-config.php will be here :

/usr/share/nginx/html/wp-cron.php

You’ll disable this PHP chron from wp-config.php file :

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nano /usr/share/nginx/html/wp-config.php
# add this
define('DISABLE_WP_CRON', true);
# before
/* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */

and add a real cron :

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crontab -e
*/15 * * * * cd /usr/share/nginx/html/; php /usr/share/nginx/html/wp-cron.php > /dev/null 2>&1

This is PHP-CLI setup for running that wp-cron.php every 15 minutes. It possibly has to do something with W3 Total Cache. You can decrease the time to 1 or 2 minute depending on load average and top.

For OwnCloud, you will need another thing :

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cd /etc/php5/fpm/conf.d/
nano 20-apcu.ini
# edit
;extension=apcu.so
apc.enabled=0

Obviously, restart the services – service php5-fpm restart && service nginx restart.

Tagged With php5-cgi unix socket , php5-fpm upstream error , ubuntu php fpm config

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Abhishek Ghosh

About Abhishek Ghosh

Abhishek Ghosh is a Businessman, Surgeon, Author and Blogger. You can keep touch with him on Twitter - @AbhishekCTRL.

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About This Article

Cite this article as: Abhishek Ghosh, "Ubuntu Nginx PHP5-FPM UNIX Socket Configuration," in The Customize Windows, March 17, 2015, February 5, 2023, https://thecustomizewindows.com/2015/03/ubuntu-nginx-php5-fpm-unix-socket-configuration/.

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